Broadly classified as
NON-MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS ARE:
FAMILY HISTORY: Coronary atherosclerosis tend to aggregate in families. Genetic effects on other risk factors such as Obesity, HTN, Dyslipidemia and Diabetes may mediate the increased CAD risk associated with a positive family history.
AGE: Patients aged 65 years and older are at higher risk for fatal myocardial infarctions.
GENDER: CAD morbidity is twice as high in men as in women but incidence of CAD in women increases rapidly at menopause.
MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS:
CIGARETTE SMOKING: The risk of CAD increases along with the number of cigarette smoked daily. Low tar and low nicotine cigarette may somewhat reduce the risk for lung cancer, but they don't lessen the risk for CAD.
HYPERTENSION: Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to heart and kidney disease and stroke. Choosing foods lower in salt and other forms of sodium helps in keeping the BP under control.
ALCOHOL INTAKE: Drinking in moderation may lower the risk of CAD. But excessive consumption may cause serious health problems including CAD.
DYSLIPIDEMIA: This includes a spectrum of abnormalities- hypercholesterolemia, low HDL cholestrol, hyper triglycerdemia, elevated lipoprotein (a). Excess saturated fat and cholesterol in the diet cause fatty build up in blood vessels, which contributes to atherosclerosis. Cholesterol travels through the blood in package called lipoproteins. there are 2 type of lipoproteins. Low density lipoproteins and High density lipoproteins. It is important to have a Low level of LDL and a High level of HDL.
OBESITY/OVERWEIGHT: Being obese increases the risk not only for CAD but also for other conditions like stroke, arthritis,etc
DIABETES MELLITUS: It damages the blood vessel including the coronary arteries of the heart. Upto 75% of those with DM develop heart and blood vessel diseases. It can also lead to stroke, kidney failure and other problem.
OTHER RISK FACTORS INCLUDES:
Homocysteine: Increased levels of homocysteine increses the risk of CAD
Low circulating levels of anti-oxidants: This may affect the susceptibility of LDL and LP (a) to oxidation. Decreased levels of substances that protect against oxidation may increase atherosclerotic risk.
Sedentary Life Style
- Non-modifiable
- Modifiable
- Others
NON-MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS ARE:
FAMILY HISTORY: Coronary atherosclerosis tend to aggregate in families. Genetic effects on other risk factors such as Obesity, HTN, Dyslipidemia and Diabetes may mediate the increased CAD risk associated with a positive family history.
AGE: Patients aged 65 years and older are at higher risk for fatal myocardial infarctions.
GENDER: CAD morbidity is twice as high in men as in women but incidence of CAD in women increases rapidly at menopause.
MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS:
CIGARETTE SMOKING: The risk of CAD increases along with the number of cigarette smoked daily. Low tar and low nicotine cigarette may somewhat reduce the risk for lung cancer, but they don't lessen the risk for CAD.
HYPERTENSION: Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to heart and kidney disease and stroke. Choosing foods lower in salt and other forms of sodium helps in keeping the BP under control.
ALCOHOL INTAKE: Drinking in moderation may lower the risk of CAD. But excessive consumption may cause serious health problems including CAD.
DYSLIPIDEMIA: This includes a spectrum of abnormalities- hypercholesterolemia, low HDL cholestrol, hyper triglycerdemia, elevated lipoprotein (a). Excess saturated fat and cholesterol in the diet cause fatty build up in blood vessels, which contributes to atherosclerosis. Cholesterol travels through the blood in package called lipoproteins. there are 2 type of lipoproteins. Low density lipoproteins and High density lipoproteins. It is important to have a Low level of LDL and a High level of HDL.
OBESITY/OVERWEIGHT: Being obese increases the risk not only for CAD but also for other conditions like stroke, arthritis,etc
DIABETES MELLITUS: It damages the blood vessel including the coronary arteries of the heart. Upto 75% of those with DM develop heart and blood vessel diseases. It can also lead to stroke, kidney failure and other problem.
OTHER RISK FACTORS INCLUDES:
Homocysteine: Increased levels of homocysteine increses the risk of CAD
Low circulating levels of anti-oxidants: This may affect the susceptibility of LDL and LP (a) to oxidation. Decreased levels of substances that protect against oxidation may increase atherosclerotic risk.
Sedentary Life Style
No comments:
Post a Comment